* LOSS ASSUMPTIONS: Based on a VaR (Value at Risk) of 34% (R&D) to business transformation (70%) and 82% (M&A) averaged to 58% (Dellermann 2020, McKinsey 2018). All calculations are based on R&D investments, CapEx and acquisition investments. The average company employs around 20% managers who spend 37 percent of their time making decisions, of which 58 percent are inefficient; each manager works for 220 days, (1760 working hours), and receives an average salary of €107k (McKinsey 2019). All data from publicly available annual reports 2022.