Deskilling, upskilling, and reskilling: a case for hybrid intelligence
Advances in AI technology affect knowledge work in diverse fields, including healthcare, engineering, and management. Although automation can increase efficiency and lower costs, it can also, as an unintended consequence, deskill workers, who lose valuable skills that would otherwise be maintained as part of their daily work. Such deskilling has a wide range of negative effects on multiple stakeholders –– employees, organizations, and society at large. Hybrid Intelligence moves beyond traditional AI approaches by envisioning socio-technical systems in which humans and machine learning algorithms frame and solve tasks together. This essay discusses how Hybrid Intelligence could help manage the risk of deskilling human experts by focusing design and implementation efforts on hybrid intelligent systems enabling upskilling workers. We argue that Hybrid Intelligence may not only lower costs and improve performance, but also prevent management from creating unintended organization-wide deskilling.